Reducing inequalities and ensuring no one is left behind are integral to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.
Inequality within and among countries is a persistent cause for concern. Despite some positive signs toward reducing inequality in some dimensions, such as reducing relative income inequality in some countries and preferential trade status benefiting lower-income countries, inequality still persists.
COVID-19 has deepened existing inequalities, hitting the poorest and most vulnerable communities the hardest. It has put a spotlight on economic inequalities and fragile social safety nets that leave vulnerable communities to bear the brunt of the crisis. At the same time, social, political and economic inequalities have amplified the impacts of the pandemic.
On the economic front, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased global unemployment and dramatically slashed workers’ incomes.
COVID-19 also puts at risk the limited progress that has been made on gender equality and women’s rights over the past decades. Across every sphere, from health to the economy, security to social protection, the impacts of COVID-19 are exacerbated for women and girls simply by virtue of their sex.
Inequalities are also deepening for vulnerable populations in countries with weaker health systems and those facing existing humanitarian crises. Refugees and migrants, as well as indigenous peoples, older persons, people with disabilities and children are particularly at risk of being left behind. And hate speech targeting vulnerable groups is rising.
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Country or Area | ISO-alpha2 Code | ISO-alpha3 Code | Developed / Developing regions |
Algeria | DZ | DZA | Developing |
Egypt | EG | EGY | Developing |
Libya | LY | LBY | Developing |
Morocco | MA | MAR | Developing |
Sudan | SD | SDN | Developing |
Tunisia | TN | TUN | Developing |
Western Sahara | EH | ESH | Developing |
British Indian Ocean Territory | IO | IOT | Developing |
Burundi | BI | BDI | Developing |
Comoros | KM | COM | Developing |
Djibouti | DJ | DJI | Developing |
Eritrea | ER | ERI | Developing |
Ethiopia | ET | ETH | Developing |
French Southern Territories | TF | ATF | Developing |
Kenya | KE | KEN | Developing |
Madagascar | MG | MDG | Developing |
Malawi | MW | MWI | Developing |
Mauritius | MU | MUS | Developing |
Mayotte | YT | MYT | Developing |
Mozambique | MZ | MOZ | Developing |
Réunion | RE | REU | Developing |
Rwanda | RW | RWA | Developing |
Seychelles | SC | SYC | Developing |
Somalia | SO | SOM | Developing |
South Sudan | SS | SSD | Developing |
Uganda | UG | UGA | Developing |
United Republic of Tanzania | TZ | TZA | Developing |
Zambia | ZM | ZMB | Developing |
Zimbabwe | ZW | ZWE | Developing |
Angola | AO | AGO | Developing |
Cameroon | CM | CMR | Developing |
Central African Republic | CF | CAF | Developing |
Chad | TD | TCD | Developing |
Congo | CG | COG | Developing |
Democratic Republic of the Congo | CD | COD | Developing |
Equatorial Guinea | GQ | GNQ | Developing |
Gabon | GA | GAB | Developing |
Sao Tome and Principe | ST | STP | Developing |
Botswana | BW | BWA | Developing |
Eswatini | SZ | SWZ | Developing |
Lesotho | LS | LSO | Developing |
Namibia | NA | NAM | Developing |
South Africa | ZA | ZAF | Developing |
Benin | BJ | BEN | Developing |
Burkina Faso | BF | BFA | Developing |
Cabo Verde | CV | CPV | Developing |
Côte d’Ivoire | CI | CIV | Developing |
Gambia | GM | GMB | Developing |
Ghana | GH | GHA | Developing |
Guinea | GN | GIN | Developing |
Guinea-Bissau | GW | GNB | Developing |
Liberia | LR | LBR | Developing |
Mali | ML | MLI | Developing |
Mauritania | MR | MRT | Developing |
Niger | NE | NER | Developing |
Nigeria | NG | NGA | Developing |
Saint Helena | SH | SHN | Developing |
Senegal | SN | SEN | Developing |
Sierra Leone | SL | SLE | Developing |
Togo | TG | TGO | Developing |
Anguilla | AI | AIA | Developing |
Antigua and Barbuda | AG | ATG | Developing |
Aruba | AW | ABW | Developing |
Bahamas | BS | BHS | Developing |
Barbados | BB | BRB | Developing |
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba | BQ | BES | Developing |
British Virgin Islands | VG | VGB | Developing |
Cayman Islands | KY | CYM | Developing |
Cuba | CU | CUB | Developing |
Curaçao | CW | CUW | Developing |
Dominica | DM | DMA | Developing |
Dominican Republic | DO | DOM | Developing |
Grenada | GD | GRD | Developing |
Guadeloupe | GP | GLP | Developing |
Haiti | HT | HTI | Developing |
Jamaica | JM | JAM | Developing |
Martinique | MQ | MTQ | Developing |
Montserrat | MS | MSR | Developing |
Puerto Rico | PR | PRI | Developing |
Saint Barthélemy | BL | BLM | Developing |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | KN | KNA | Developing |
Saint Lucia | LC | LCA | Developing |
Saint Martin (French Part) | MF | MAF | Developing |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | VC | VCT | Developing |
Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | SX | SXM | Developing |
Trinidad and Tobago | TT | TTO | Developing |
Turks and Caicos Islands | TC | TCA | Developing |
United States Virgin Islands | VI | VIR | Developing |
Belize | BZ | BLZ | Developing |
Costa Rica | CR | CRI | Developing |
El Salvador | SV | SLV | Developing |
Guatemala | GT | GTM | Developing |
Honduras | HN | HND | Developing |
Mexico | MX | MEX | Developing |
Nicaragua | NI | NIC | Developing |
Panama | PA | PAN | Developing |
Argentina | AR | ARG | Developing |
Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | BO | BOL | Developing |
Bouvet Island | BV | BVT | Developing |
Brazil | BR | BRA | Developing |
Chile | CL | CHL | Developing |
Colombia | CO | COL | Developing |
Ecuador | EC | ECU | Developing |
Falkland Islands (Malvinas) | FK | FLK | Developing |
French Guiana | GF | GUF | Developing |
Guyana | GY | GUY | Developing |
Paraguay | PY | PRY | Developing |
Peru | PE | PER | Developing |
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands | GS | SGS | Developing |
Suriname | SR | SUR | Developing |
Uruguay | UY | URY | Developing |
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | VE | VEN | Developing |
Kazakhstan | KZ | KAZ | Developing |
Kyrgyzstan | KG | KGZ | Developing |
Tajikistan | TJ | TJK | Developing |
Turkmenistan | TM | TKM | Developing |
Uzbekistan | UZ | UZB | Developing |
China | CN | CHN | Developing |
China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region | HK | HKG | Developing |
China, Macao Special Administrative Region | MO | MAC | Developing |
Democratic People’s Republic of Korea | KP | PRK | Developing |
Mongolia | MN | MNG | Developing |
Brunei Darussalam | BN | BRN | Developing |
Cambodia | KH | KHM | Developing |
Indonesia | ID | IDN | Developing |
Lao People’s Democratic Republic | LA | LAO | Developing |
Malaysia | MY | MYS | Developing |
Myanmar | MM | MMR | Developing |
Philippines | PH | PHL | Developing |
Singapore | SG | SGP | Developing |
Thailand | TH | THA | Developing |
Timor-Leste | TL | TLS | Developing |
Viet Nam | VN | VNM | Developing |
Afghanistan | AF | AFG | Developing |
Bangladesh | BD | BGD | Developing |
Bhutan | BT | BTN | Developing |
India | IN | IND | Developing |
Iran (Islamic Republic of) | IR | IRN | Developing |
Maldives | MV | MDV | Developing |
Nepal | NP | NPL | Developing |
Pakistan | PK | PAK | Developing |
Sri Lanka | LK | LKA | Developing |
Armenia | AM | ARM | Developing |
Azerbaijan | AZ | AZE | Developing |
Bahrain | BH | BHR | Developing |
Georgia | GE | GEO | Developing |
Iraq | IQ | IRQ | Developing |
Jordan | JO | JOR | Developing |
Kuwait | KW | KWT | Developing |
Lebanon | LB | LBN | Developing |
Oman | OM | OMN | Developing |
Qatar | QA | QAT | Developing |
Saudi Arabia | SA | SAU | Developing |
State of Palestine | PS | PSE | Developing |
Syrian Arab Republic | SY | SYR | Developing |
Turkey | TR | TUR | Developing |
United Arab Emirates | AE | ARE | Developing |
Yemen | YE | YEM | Developing |
Fiji | FJ | FJI | Developing |
New Caledonia | NC | NCL | Developing |
Papua New Guinea | PG | PNG | Developing |
Solomon Islands | SB | SLB | Developing |
Vanuatu | VU | VUT | Developing |
Guam | GU | GUM | Developing |
Kiribati | KI | KIR | Developing |
Marshall Islands | MH | MHL | Developing |
Micronesia (Federated States of) | FM | FSM | Developing |
Nauru | NR | NRU | Developing |
Northern Mariana Islands | MP | MNP | Developing |
Palau | PW | PLW | Developing |
United States Minor Outlying Islands | UM | UMI | Developing |
American Samoa | AS | ASM | Developing |
Cook Islands | CK | COK | Developing |
French Polynesia | PF | PYF | Developing |
Niue | NU | NIU | Developing |
Pitcairn | PN | PCN | Developing |
Samoa | WS | WSM | Developing |
Tokelau | TK | TKL | Developing |
Tonga | TO | TON | Developing |
Tuvalu | TV | TUV | Developing |
Wallis and Futuna Islands | WF | WLF | Developing |
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